General Information
At Stake in this Election:
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The Presidency of Romania
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Chief of State: Interim President Ilie BOLOJAN (since 12 February 2025). Romania has been under a caretaker government since February 2025.
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Head of Government: Prime Minister Marcel CIOLACU (since 15 June 2023)
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Assembly: bicameral Parliament of Romania (Parlamentul României), comprised of a 331-seat Chamber of Deputies (Camera Deputatilor) and a 136-seat Senate (Senatul). The number of seats in both chambers of Parliament can fluctuate on the basis of population.
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The President is directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in up to two rounds. Presidents serve 5-year terms, renewable once.
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The President designates a candidate for Prime Minister who is subsequently confirmed via a vote of confidence from the Parliament.
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All 136 members in the Senate are elected by proportional representation in single and multi-seat constituencies to 4-year terms.
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All 330 members in the Chamber of Deputies are elected by proportional representation in single and multi-seat constituencies to 4-year terms. Each national minority group designated in the constitution is entitled to one seat if their representative citizen groups do not reach the number of votes necessary to receive a seat by other means.
The first round of the presidential election was held on 4 May 2025. George-Nicolae Simion (Alliance for the Unity of Romanians) and Nicusor-Daniel Dan (independent candidate) advanced to the second round. Voter turnout was 53%.
Information for Voters:
Informații Generale / General Information (in Romanian)
Key Deadlines:
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Candidate filing deadline: 15 March 2025
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Voter registration deadline: n/a
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George-Nicolae SIMION
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Party: Alliance for the Unity of Romanians / Alianța pentru Unirea Românilor
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Nicușor-Daniel DAN
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Party: Independent candidate
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Population and Registered Voters:
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Population: 19,059,479 (2023 est.)
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Registered Voters: 19,005,434 (2025 est.)
Gender Data:
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Female Population: 9,827,799 (2023 est.)
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CEDAW Status: Signed 4 Sept 1980, Ratified 7 Jan 1982
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Gender Quota: No legislated quotas for either body of parliament, voluntary quotas adopted by political parties.
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Female Candidates in this election: Yes
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Number of Female Legislators (pre-election): 74 out of 331 (22%) in the Chamber of Deputies and 27 out of 136 (20.1%) of the Senate
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Human Development Index (HDI) Position: 0.827, Very high, (2022)
Disability Data:
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CRPD Status: Signed 26 Sep 2007, Ratified 31 Jan 2011
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Projected population with a disability: 3,049,516 (2023 est.)
IFES Resources:
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ElectionJudgments: Yes, 2 judgments