IFES Election Guide | Country Profile: Egypt

Arab Republic of Egypt

None
Population (as of Jan. 1, 2022)

69,300,000
Registered Voters (as of Aug. 13, 2025)

35.00%
Average Turnout

33
Elections in our database

V-Dem* Score: 0.186
Regimes of the World Classification: Electoral Autocracy
*Varieties of Democracy Electoral Democracy Index (2024)

CEDAW Status: Signed and Ratified
Signed Date: July 16, 1980
Ratified Date: Sept. 18, 1981

SIGI* Score: 54.6
Level of Discrimination: Very High
*Social Institutions and Gender Index (2023)

CRPD Status: Signed and Ratified
Signed Date: April 4, 2007
Ratified Date: April 14, 2008

HDI* Score: 0.754
Category: High
*UNDP Human Development Index (2023)

Name	Official Name	Type
Egyptian Presidency	None	Head of State
Egyptian Advisory Council	None	Upper House
Egyptian Senate	Majlis Al-Shura / مجلس الشورى	Upper House
Egyptian House of Representatives	Majlis Al-Nuwaab / مجلس النواب	Lower House

Description of government structure:

Chief of State: President Abdel Fattah AL-SISI (since 8 June 2014)
Head of Government: Prime Minister Mostafa MADBOULY (since 7 June 2018)
Assembly: bicameral Parliament with a 300-seat Senate (مجلس الشيوخ) and a 596-seat House of Representatives (مجلس النواب)

Description of electoral system:

The President is directly elected by absolute majority vote in up to two rounds and may serve up to 2 consecutive 6-year terms.
The Prime Minister is nominated by the President and confirmed by the House of Representatives.
In the Senate, 200 members are directly elected: 100 by plurality vote in single-seat constituencies and 100 by closed party-list vote. An additional 100 members are appointed by the President. All 300 members serve 5-year terms.
In the House of Representatives, 568 members are directly elected via a mixture of plurality vote in single-seat constituencies (approximately 75% of seats) and closed-list vote in multi-seat constituencies (approximately 25% of seats). Additional members (currently 28 but may be up to 5% of the total) are appointed by the President. All members serve 5-year terms.

Elections

2025-11-10 | Status: Confirmed
Egyptian House of Representatives
Votes -
Registered 69,300,000
Turnout -

2025-08-27 | Status: Held
Egyptian Senate
Votes -
Registered 67,032,438
Turnout -

2025-08-04 | Status: Held
Egyptian Senate
Votes -
Registered 67,032,438
Turnout -

2023-12-10 | Status: Held
Egyptian Presidency
Votes 44,777,668
Registered 67,032,438
Turnout 66.8

2020-10-24 | Status: Confirmed
Egyptian House of Representatives
Votes -
Registered -
Turnout -

2020-09-08 | Status: Held
Egyptian Senate
Votes -
Registered -
Turnout -

2020-08-11 | Status: Confirmed
Egyptian Senate
Votes -
Registered -
Turnout -

2019-04-22 | Status: Held
Referendum
Votes 27,193,593
Registered 61,344,503
Turnout 44.33

2018-03-26 | Status: Held
Egyptian Presidency
Votes 24,097,092
Registered 59,078,138
Turnout 40.79

2015-11-22 | Status: Held
Egyptian House of Representatives
Votes 15,206,010
Registered 53,786,762
Turnout 28.27

2015-10-18 | Status: Held
Egyptian House of Representatives
Votes 15,206,010
Registered 53,786,762
Turnout 28.27

2014-05-26 | Status: Held
Egyptian Presidency
Votes 25,578,223
Registered 53,909,306
Turnout 47.45

2014-01-14 | Status: Held
Referendum
Votes 20,613,677
Registered 53,423,485
Turnout 38.59

2012-12-15 | Status: Held
Referendum
Votes 17,058,317
Registered 50,996,746
Turnout 33.45

2012-06-16 | Status: Held
Egyptian Presidency
Votes 26,420,763
Registered 50,958,794
Turnout 51.85

2012-02-14 | Status: Held
Egyptian Advisory Council
Votes 2,883,694
Registered 25,000,000
Turnout 11.53

2012-01-29 | Status: Held
Egyptian Advisory Council
Votes 3,543,972
Registered 50,065,000
Turnout 7.08

2011-12-14 | Status: Held
Egyptian House of Representatives
Votes -
Registered 5,065,000
Turnout -

2011-11-28 | Status: Held
Egyptian House of Representatives
Votes 8,449,115
Registered 18,826,394
Turnout 44.88

2011-03-19 | Status: Held
Referendum
Votes 18,537,954
Registered 45,000,000
Turnout 41.2

2010-12-05 | Status: Held
Egyptian House of Representatives
Votes 7,995,022
Registered 29,109,107
Turnout 27.47

2010-11-28 | Status: Held
Egyptian House of Representatives
Votes 14,036,967
Registered 40,160,799
Turnout 34.95

2010-06-08 | Status: Held
Egyptian Advisory Council
Votes -
Registered -
Turnout -

2010-06-01 | Status: Held
Egyptian Advisory Council
Votes -
Registered -
Turnout -

2007-03-26 | Status: Held
Referendum
Votes 9,701,833
Registered 35,865,660
Turnout 27.05

2005-12-01 | Status: Held
Egyptian House of Representatives
Votes 8,790,708
Registered 31,253,417
Turnout 28.13

2005-11-20 | Status: Held
Egyptian House of Representatives
Votes 8,790,708
Registered 31,253,417
Turnout 28.13

2005-11-09 | Status: Held
Egyptian House of Representatives
Votes 8,790,708
Registered 31,253,417
Turnout 28.13

2005-09-07 | Status: Held
Egyptian Presidency
Votes 7,305,036
Registered 31,826,284
Turnout 22.95

2005-05-25 | Status: Held
Referendum
Votes 17,184,302
Registered 32,036,353
Turnout 53.64

2000-11-08 | Status: Held
Egyptian House of Representatives
Votes -
Registered 20,987,453
Turnout -

2000-10-29 | Status: Held
Egyptian House of Representatives
Votes -
Registered 20,987,453
Turnout -

2000-10-18 | Status: Held
Egyptian House of Representatives
Votes -
Registered 24,602,241
Turnout -

Election For	Date	Status	Votes	Registered Voters	Turnout
Egyptian House of Representatives	2025-11-10	Confirmed	-	69,300,000	-
Egyptian Senate	2025-08-27	Held	-	67,032,438	-
Egyptian Senate	2025-08-04	Held	-	67,032,438	-
Egyptian Presidency	2023-12-10	Held	44,777,668	67,032,438	66.8
Egyptian House of Representatives	2020-10-24	Confirmed	-	-	-
Egyptian Senate	2020-09-08	Held	-	-	-
Egyptian Senate	2020-08-11	Confirmed	-	-	-
Referendum	2019-04-22	Held	27,193,593	61,344,503	44.33
Egyptian Presidency	2018-03-26	Held	24,097,092	59,078,138	40.79
Egyptian House of Representatives	2015-11-22	Held	15,206,010	53,786,762	28.27
Egyptian House of Representatives	2015-10-18	Held	15,206,010	53,786,762	28.27
Egyptian Presidency	2014-05-26	Held	25,578,223	53,909,306	47.45
Referendum	2014-01-14	Held	20,613,677	53,423,485	38.59
Referendum	2012-12-15	Held	17,058,317	50,996,746	33.45
Egyptian Presidency	2012-06-16	Held	26,420,763	50,958,794	51.85
Egyptian Advisory Council	2012-02-14	Held	2,883,694	25,000,000	11.53
Egyptian Advisory Council	2012-01-29	Held	3,543,972	50,065,000	7.08
Egyptian House of Representatives	2011-12-14	Held	-	5,065,000	-
Egyptian House of Representatives	2011-11-28	Held	8,449,115	18,826,394	44.88
Referendum	2011-03-19	Held	18,537,954	45,000,000	41.2
Egyptian House of Representatives	2010-12-05	Held	7,995,022	29,109,107	27.47
Egyptian House of Representatives	2010-11-28	Held	14,036,967	40,160,799	34.95
Egyptian Advisory Council	2010-06-08	Held	-	-	-
Egyptian Advisory Council	2010-06-01	Held	-	-	-
Referendum	2007-03-26	Held	9,701,833	35,865,660	27.05
Egyptian House of Representatives	2005-12-01	Held	8,790,708	31,253,417	28.13
Egyptian House of Representatives	2005-11-20	Held	8,790,708	31,253,417	28.13
Egyptian House of Representatives	2005-11-09	Held	8,790,708	31,253,417	28.13
Egyptian Presidency	2005-09-07	Held	7,305,036	31,826,284	22.95
Referendum	2005-05-25	Held	17,184,302	32,036,353	53.64
Egyptian House of Representatives	2000-11-08	Held	-	20,987,453	-
Egyptian House of Representatives	2000-10-29	Held	-	20,987,453	-
Egyptian House of Representatives	2000-10-18	Held	-	24,602,241	-

Voter Turnout

Hover to view election details.